Lodo Primário do Processamento de Papel como Carga em Compósito de Poli(ácido lático): Propriedade Físicas, Térmicas e Mecânicas

Primary Sludge from Paper Processing as Filler in Poly(lactic acid) Composite: Physical, Thermal and Mechanical Properties

Resumo

This article characterizes and evaluates the use of primary sludge from the paper industry as a filler in
poly(lactic acid) polymer. To improve the matrix/filler interaction, chemical treatments were carried
out in the primary sludge, using alkaline sodium hydroxide solution, nitric acid solution and citric
pectin. The composites were made with 1, 3 and 5% (wt/wt%). The composites were characterized
by thermogravimetry (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD),
vibrational infrared spectroscopic analysis (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical
tensile and flexure tests. Thermal analyzes indicate a reduction of up to 8.35% in the decomposition
temperature of the composite. FTIR analysis indicated that there was no molecular interaction between
polymer and filler. The morphological analyzes using SEM, demonstrated a better interfacial adhesion
of the filler with the polymer in the sludge treated with pectin. The mechanical tensile tests showed an
improvement in the maximum tensile stress of up to 1.77% and 5.48% in the modulus of elasticity. The
maximum flexural strength had an increase of up to 5.76% in relation to the unloaded PLA and the flexural
modulus had an increase of up to 10.42%.