Síntese e Caracterização de Polietilenoglicóis Puros e Modificados com Filtro Solar Comercial: Avaliação de Propriedades Fotoprotetoras e Antimicrobianas

Resumo

In the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, polymers are relevant due to their versatility and various applications, such as increasing the solubility of active ingredients, reducing toxicity, and enabling controlled release system. Among them, poli(etileno glicol) (PEG) stands out for its biocompatibility, low toxicity, and ability to form stable matrices. In this study, PEG-based polymeric matrices of 3400 (Mw) and 6000 (Mw) were synthesized and characterized, modified through conventional organic reactions, and incorporated into the sunscreen Neo Heliopan®AV. The aim was to evaluate their physicochemical, photoprotective, and biological properties. The formulations were characterized using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SPF (sun protection factor) tests, cytotoxicity assays on human fibroblasts, and antibacterial activity tests were also performed. The analyses confirmed the formation of microspheres, as well as an increase in SPF proportional to the concentration of Neo Heliopan®AV, with PEG 6000 showing better results compared to PEG 3400. FTIR spectra displayed characteristic bands of the sunscreen in the formulations. No significant cytotoxicity or antibacterial activity was observed, indicating safety for topical use and preservation of the skin microbiota. In conclusion, the developed formulations demonstrate potential for photoprotective cosmetic applications, combining efficacy, safety, and the possibility of controlled release of the active ingredient.