Computação Quântica e o Ano Internacional da Ciência e Tecnologia Quânticas

Resumo

Quantum computing represents one of the most promising frontiers in contemporary science and
technology, built upon the counterintuitive and fascinating principles of quantum mechanics. While
classical computers process information using bits that take on definitive values of 0 or 1, quantum
computers leverage the unique properties of quantum systems—such as superposition, entanglement,
and interference - to manipulate qubits that can simultaneously exist in multiple states. The theoretical
advancements in quantum mechanics, developed throughout the 20th century, laid the conceptual
groundwork necessary to envision and subsequently build computational devices that operate according
to these fundamental principles of nature. From the earliest discoveries about the dual nature of light to
the modern implementations of quantum algorithms, this journey reveals how a deep understanding of
quantum physics paved the way for a computational revolution. This revolution promises to transform
fields like cryptography, molecular simulation, optimization, and artificial intelligence.
Keywords: Mecânica quântica; bits - qubits; computação quântica.