Reações de Hidrogenação Catalítica de Compostos Oriundos da Biomassa Lignocelulósica Como Estratégia para Obtenção de Produtos de Valor Agregado

Resumo

Biomass feedstocks are promising alternatives to fossil fuels that are associated to global warming. In
this context, thinking about sustainable development, is necessary new technologies and raw materials to
produce biofuels and chemicals. Lignocellulosic biomasses have a great natural disponibility and represent
an important carbon source. The high oxygen amount is a current problem and part of it may be remove
through efficient strategies. Considering this, the present review focuses on hydrogenation reactions from
heterogeneous catalysis to furfural and 5-hidroxymethylfurfural upgrading. Both noble and non-noble
metals such as Cu, Ti, Hf, Zr, Rh, Mo, Ru, Sn, Ni, Co, Fe, Pd, Au, Ir, Pt, are actives and promote selectivity,
high conversion rates and yields of these reactions. These metals are generally deposited on supports
including aluminosilicates, zeolites, alumina, carbon, metals oxides and porous silicate that increase the
metal disponibility and improve the catalytic activities. Recent studies demonstrated that some organic
molecules, as secondary alcohols, are alternatives to molecular hydrogen and generate hydrogen in situ
via MPV mechanism. These routes are important because represent an alternative inexpensive, efficient
and safety to reduce functional groups required in biomass upgrading.